With the continuous deepening of social construction in our country, sheet metal parts have gradually been applied in people's lives. Normally, sheet metal processing is the process of cold working metal sheets to obtain sheet metal parts that meet application requirements.
Under normal circumstances, sheet metal parts have significant advantages in strength, weight, and cost, and also have better point-to-point performance compared to traditional components. Therefore, as of now, sheet metal parts have gradually been applied in high-tech fields such as electronics and communication in China,
At the same time, people have gradually put forward higher requirements for the quality and functionality of sheet metal parts. Therefore, optimizing the existing sheet metal processing technology has become a focus of research for sheet metal processing personnel. Based on actual research, this article believes that the optimization of processing technology should be carried out one by one from the application of the four basic cold processing links in sheet metal processing.
1. Punching process
Firstly, in terms of the punching process, punching usually refers to the process of separating sheet metal materials from each other by punching the mold, thereby achieving the separation of sheet metal. This process is usually applied to the processing of parts with relatively simple shapes, achieving high precision in processing shapes while minimizing material waste.
At this stage, the shape of the punched sheet metal parts should be controlled first. In the corner areas of the outer and inner holes of the punched parts, a circular arc should be set to transition the corners, avoiding sharp angles and reducing the problem of mold cracking caused by improper subsequent heat treatment, which will affect the subsequent sheet metal construction; Subsequently, optimization should be carried out for punching and its minimum value. Usually, when punching sheet metal parts, if the punching size of the sheet metal part is small, it will greatly reduce the load on the punch press. However, if it is too small, it is easy to cause the pressure data of the mold to suddenly increase, which will affect the quality of the actual mold. For example, in this stage, the punching of sheet metal parts should be set according to different load targets. In the basic state, the length of the hole diameter should be ensured to be at least twice the hole spacing and greater than 3.00 millimeters. Finally, the cantilever and groove settings on the punched parts should be avoided from being too narrow or too long in practical process applications, in order to improve the strength of the relevant mold cutting edge while controlling the width of the cantilever cutting edge to be greater than 200 degrees of sheet metal thickness.
2 bending steps
The bending process usually refers to the process of preventing sheet metal material from bending on the bending equipment, causing elastic deformation of the sheet metal material through the pressure of the upper or lower mold, and plastic deformation according to the actual design scheme after elastic deformation occurs.
In the application process of this link, different parts should be selected to set the size according to the actual design requirements, and the actual bending operation should be determined based on the thickness of the sheet metal raw materials. Based on actual bending experience, local abnormal deformation is most likely to occur during the bending process, which can affect the appearance quality and practical application of sheet metal parts. Therefore, in the actual operation process, if the process optimization is to be carried out for the bending process, the operator should make a pre cut according to the actual situation to avoid subsequent deformation problems. At the same time, when components need to undergo multiple bending operations, a comprehensive estimation should be made during all bending operations to avoid the impact of previous bending operations on subsequent bending processes, thereby achieving the expected design goals of sheet metal parts.
3 riveting steps
The riveting process of sheet metal parts refers to the deformation of sheet metal materials through the action of pressure, which couples them together. This process is usually applied to screw riveting, bolt riveting and other processes. For the final riveting operation, the nut is usually circular with an embossed gear and wire slot. Therefore, the riveting process for sheet metal parts not only optimizes the quality of the original nut production process, but also avoids welding work.
If you want to obtain a better design solution, first of all, you can choose different specifications of molds according to the height of the pressed bolts in the actual riveting process, and adjust the pressure release of the riveting device to ensure the quality of nut pressing while avoiding the problem of waste parts. Secondly, in the setting of the riveting structure, the appropriate sheet metal size can be selected to ensure the riveting result while avoiding the detachment of the sheet metal parts during the pressing process.
4 Welding processes
The welding process is one of the important ways to connect the various parts of the structure together in the cold working process of the entire sheet metal processing. Therefore, this process is usually placed in a high-temperature background for operation. At present, most common welding methods are carried out through argon arc welding, contact spot welding, and other methods.
Therefore, in the actual welding process, different welding methods should be selected according to the properties of different sheet metal parts, in order to minimize welding deformation and improve the actual efficiency of welding to the greatest extent possible. For example, in the actual welding process, sufficient welding control should be determined first, and secondly, the length of the welding part needs to be controlled accurately to avoid sheet metal deformation while optimizing the load situation of the welding point.